is within you' (Luke xvii. 20-1); and on another occasion, 'My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence. . . To this end have I been born, and to this end am I come into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice' (John xviii. 36-7). St. Paul likewise affirms, 'For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision availeth any thing, nor uncircumcision; but faith working through love' (Gal. v: 6); and again, 'The kingdom of God is not eating and drinking, but righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Ghost' (Rom. xiv. 17).

4. On Retaliation.

The Mosaic code contained what is called the law of retaliation. In case of a murder it recognized the nearest relative of the person killed as his 'avenger of blood,' or Goel, whose duty it was to kill the murderer. We read in Num. xxxv. 19, 'The avenger of blood shall himself put the manslayer to death: when he meeteth him, he shall put him to death.' And if an intentional murderer had fled to the city of refuge, the elders of his city were commanded in Deut. xix. 12 to 'send and fetch him thence, and deliver him into the hand of the avenger of blood, that he may die.' Even with regard to other injury inflicted, the law of retaliation was observed, as we gather from Lev. xxiv. 19-20, 'If a

man cause a blemish in his neighbour; as he hath done, so shall it be done to him; breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; as he hath caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be rendered unto him.' Now these regulations were designed for the guidance of the civil magistrate, and we must not for a moment doubt that they were perfectly suited to the purpose for which they were given; but it is known from history that the Jews generally were more enslaved to the letter of their law than animated by its spirit, so that the law of retaliation was often perverted by them to justify private revenge. Jesus Christ therefore found it necessary to declare, according to Matt. v. 38-9, 'Ye have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth: but I say unto you, Resist not him that is evil: but whosoever smiteth thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also.' The spirit of this precept He Himself exemplified in His own conduct; for; according to 1 Peter ii. 23, 'when he was reviled, reviled not again; when he suffered, threatened not; but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously.' The teaching of His apostles breathes the same spirit of meekness and love. So St. Paul writes to the Romans, 'Avenge not yourselves, beloved, but give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord' (Rom. xii. 19). And St. Peter, in his first Epistle (ii. 19-21), says, 'This is acceptable, if for conscience toward God a