C. M. DOUGHTY: Travels in Arabia Deserta. 2 vols. Cambridge 1888. By far the best book on nomad life in Arabia. Gives the fullest and clearer idea of the nature and workings of the Arab mind.
J. L. BURCKHARDT: Notes on the Bedouins and Wahabys. 2 vols. London, 1831.
J. L. BURCKHARDT: Travels in Arabia. 2 vols. London, 1829.
R. F. BURTON: Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to al-Madinah and Meccah. 2 vols. Last edition, London, 1898. On the Hajj and Muslim life, thought and studies generally in the middle of the nineteenth century. Readable and accurate to a degree.
C. SNOUCK HURGRONJE: Mekka. 2 vols. and portfolio of plates. Haag, 1888, 1889. Is somewhat dull beside Burton, but very full and accurate.
W. ROBERTSON SMITH: Lectures on the Religion of the Semites. First Series. New edition, London, 1894. Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia. Cambridge, 1885.
IGNAZ GOLDZIHER: Muhammedanische Studien. I, Halle a. S., 1839. II, 1890. Epoch-marking books; as are all Goldziher's contributions to the history of Muslim civilization.
ALFRED VON KREMER: Geschichte der herrschenden Ideen des Islams. Leipzig, 1868.
ALFRED VON KREMER: Culturgeschichte des Orients unter den Chalifen. 2 vols. Wien, 1875-77. Culturgeschichtliche Streifzuge. Leipzig, 1873.
EDWARD G. BROWNE: A Year Among the Persians. London, 1893. A most valuable account of modern Persian life, philosophy, and theology, and especially of Sufiism and Babism.
EDWARD G. BROWNE: A Literary History of Persia. New York, 1902. Really political and religious prolegomena to such a history.
G. A. HERKLOTS: Qanoon-e-Islam, or the Customs of the Moosulmans of India. London, 1832.

II

ON MUSLIM HISTORY AND ON PRESENT CONDITION OF MUSLIN WORLD

AUGUST MÜLLER: Die Beherrscher der Gläubigen. Berlin, 1892. A very brightly written sketch based on thorough knowledge.
GUSTAV WEIL: Geschichte der Chalifen. 3 vols. Mannheim, 1846-1851.
SIR WILLIAM MUIR: The Caliphate, its Rise, Decline and Fall. London, 1891.
THEODOR NÖLDEKE: Zur tendenziösen Gestaltung der Urgeschichte des Islam's. ZDMG, lii, pp. 16 ff. All Nöldeke's papers on the early history of Islam are worthy of the most careful study.
G. VON VLOTEN: Zur Abbasiden Geschichte. ZDMG, lii, pp. 213 ff. On the early Abbasids.
R. E. BRÜNNOW: De Charidschiten enter den ersten Omayyaden. Leyden, 1884.
EDUARD SACHAU: Über eine Arabische Chronik aus Zanzibar. Mitth. a .d. Sem. f. Orient. Sprachen. Berlin, 1898. On Ibadites.
GEORGE PERCY BADGER: History of the Imams and Seyyids of Oman, by Salil-ibn-Razik. London: Hakluyt Society, 1871. Valuable for Ibadite history, law and theology.
M. J. DE GOEJE: Mémoire sur les Carmathes du Bahrain et les Fatimides. Leyden, 1886.
JOHN NICHOLSON: An Account of the Establishment of the Fatemite Dynasty in Africa. Tübingen and Bristol, 1840.
QUATREMERE: Mémoires historiques sur la dynastie des Khalifes Fatimites. JA, 3, ii.
SYLVESTRE DE SACY: Exposé de la religion des Druzes et la vie du Khalife Hakem-biamr-allah. 2 vols. Paris, 1838.
F. WUSTENFELD: Geschichte der Fatimiden-Khalifen. Gottingen, 1881.
STANLEY LANE-POOLE: A History of Egypt in the Middle Ages. New York, 1901. For the origin and founding of the Fatimid Dynasty, the Khalifa al-Hakim, etc.
H. L. FLEISCHER: Briefwechsel zwischen den Anführern der Wahhabiten and den Pasha von Damaskus. Kleinere Schriften, iii, pp. 341 ff. First published in ZDMG for year 1857.