Law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ. . . . Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world! . . . That he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water. ... I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him' (John i. 15-34 Matt. xiv. 1-12).

b. Waraka's connection with Mohammed is thus referred to in the Rawzat:¹ 'After Gabriel's first appearance to Mohammed on Mount Hira, that Excellency returned home, trembling in mind, and afterwards said to Khadija, "Verily, I fear for my life." Khadija replied, "Fear not; for God will not bring trouble upon thee;" and, after having thus comforted that Excellency, Khadija continued, "If thou wishest it, I will lay thy state before my cousin Waraka Ibn Nawfal, that we may see what he will say about it." This Waraka was a person who, even in the time of ignorance, had turned away from the religion of the Koreish, had become a Christian and professor of the Unity, knowing the Gospel well, which he had copied in Arabic, or, according to another account, in Hebrew, and at this time he had become very aged and blind. When she had received that prince's permission, Khadija went to Waraka, saying, "O my cousin, give me information about Gabriel." Waraka exclaimed, "Holy! holy! " or, according to another account, "Praiseworthy! praiseworthy! " and then went on saying, "O Khadija, who amongst the idolatrous people of this land knows anything about Gabriel, that faithful one between God and His prophets? and who mentions his name?" Khadija declared to him how that Excellency had said, "Gabriel has come down to me," and what state and condition he was in. Waraka replied, "If Gabriel has descended to this place, then God is to send to this land many favours and countless blessings. O Khadija, if thou hast spoken this word in truth, then know that the same excellent Law which came down to Moses and Jesus has also come down to Mohammed. When that person who came to him comes again, it is right that thou shouldest be present in that place, and when he has come, then uncover thy head and let thy hair be seen: if that person is from God

he will not be able to see thy hair." Khadija says, I returned and told that Excellency Waraka's words, adding, "If that person comes again, let me know." Then, on Gabriel again appearing to that Excellency, he informed me of it. I set that prince on my right thigh, and said, "Dost thou see that person?" He answered, "I do." Then I uncovered my head, dishevelled my hair, and again asked, "Dost thou see that person?" He replied, "No, I do not: he is gone." Then I said, "Good news to thee that person coming to thee, comes down from God, and is a good angel." When I went again to Waraka and told him the story, he said, "In truth, an excellent Law has come down to the earth." Waraka also composed some poetry on the subject, and said to Khadija, "Send Mohammed to me, that he may make known unto me his own state." The Prophet went to Waraka, whereupon Waraka said, "Rejoice, O Mohammed, again and again rejoice I bear witness in truth that thou art that prophet whom Jesus has announced in the words: "After me an apostle is to be sent whose name is Ahmed,¹ and I testify that thou art Ahmed and God's apostle; and verily that Law which came down to Jesus has also come down to thee, and it will soon come to pass that thou shalt be commissioned to war and battle with the unbelievers.² If I shall be alive in those days I shall certainly assist thee;" and bending his head forward, he kissed that prince's forehead. Another account adds that Waraka said to that prince, "Would that I were still young and alive in those days, when thy people will drive thee out of this city." His Excellency asked, "O Waraka, will they then indeed drive me out?" Waraka answered, "Yes, they will do it: for no one ever has brought such a thing as thou, without his people having