embraced Islam, and presented Mohammed with his turban-cloth and a lance for a flag with which to enter Medina.

'As soon as the Moslems of Medina learned the approach of the fugitives, they went out in a body and welcomed them with demonstrations of joy. Ibn Ishak states that all the other Moslems likewise emigrated to Medina, and that none of them remained in Mecca who had not either been compelled to renounce his faith, or was detained there by force.'

(28.) In the town of their new domicile they developed a great activity, and from it, as their headquarters, they undertook expeditions, in order to carry out their mission and to secure for it a more extensive recognition.

a. 'And Jesus came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days. And they were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power,' etc. (Luke iv. 31-44).
'And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people.... And there followed him great multitudes of people from Galilee, and from Decapolis, and from Jerusalem, and from Judea, and from beyond Jordan.... And he entered into a ship, and passed over, and came into his own city.¹ And, behold, they brought unto him a man sick of the palsy,' etc. (Matt. iv. 13-25). Compare Matt. v. 1, 2; viii. 5-7, 18-20; ix. 1-38.

b. 'God commanded Mohammed to build a mosque; and he remained with Abu Eyub till his own dwelling and the mosque were finished. In order to encourage the believers, he himself shared the labours; so both emigrants and assistants worked with zeal. In the first sermon which he preached in the mosque, as soon as it was finished, he

said, "O ye people, send on good works before you. Know, by Allah! that none of you can escape death: then he will leave his flock without a shepherd, and God will say unto him, without an interpreter and without a go-between, Did not my apostle come to thee and bring thee my message? I have granted thee goods and shown thee favours. What didst thou send on before thee for thy soul? Then he will look to the right hand and to the left hand, but find nothing; and he will have to look forward and there only see Hell. Whoever can guard his sight against Hell, let him do so, and if it should only be by a piece of a date; whoso cannot find even so much, let him do it by a good word; for in this way the action is recompensed from 10 to 700 times. Peace be on you, and God's blessing and mercy!"

'Mohammed also drew up a contract between the emigrants and the assistants, and between them and the Jews, whose faith and property, under certain conditions, were to be respected, beginning thus, "In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate! This is the contract from Mohammed the Prophet between the believers of the Koreish and of Medina, and those who follow them, unite with them, and join with them in war. They form but one people, separated from all other men," etc. — He likewise established a covenant of brotherhood between the believers from Mecca and those of Medina, by joining one fugitive to one assistant, thus forming forty-five, or, according to another account, fifty, pairs of adopted brothers who, in case of death, were even to inherit each other, to the exclusion of previous relatives.

'When Mohammed had found a secure abode in Medina, and his friends, the refugees, had joined him, and the affairs of the assistants had been arranged, Islam became firmly established, the public prayers were performed, fasting and almsgiving were made obligatory, the administration of justice was carried out, things allowed and forbidden were determined, and Islam acquired strength amongst the tribe of the assistants, both as regards faith, and as regards the certain maintenance of its professors.

'During the ten years of his residence in Medina, Mohammed organised thirty-eight military expeditions and twenty-seven of these he accompanied in person, as chief commander.